(Published by Easton Spectator with permission from the author)
To: The BC College of Physicians and Surgeons
FAX TO: 604-733-3503
October 1, 2021
From: Complainant Name(Person):
Norman Grant Smith
508-10 Renaissance Square
New Westminster, BC, V3M 7B1
Phone: 778-202-0298
Respondent:
Registrant MSP 04679
Dr. Bonnie Henry
Provincial Health Officer
4th Floor – 1515 Blanshard St.
PO Box 9648
STN PROVINCIAL GOVT
Victoria, BC, V8W 9P4
My name is Norman Grant Smith. I am a Canadian born citizen, and a resident of BC.
This Concern is being filed as a private citizen acting on my own behalf, and in the public interest.
Relevant Authority: The BCCPS Practice Standards apply to: “all physicians and surgeons who practise medicine in British Columbia.” There are no exceptions to this policy specified within the Practice Standards .
Complaint Summary:
Apparent (Prima Facie) Failure to Comply with The Practice Standards of The College of Physicians and Surgeons of British Columbia as follows:
Note: I have underlined some text from the Practice Standards that I believe is most relevant to this complaint/concern.
- a) Practice Standard: Advertising and Communication with the Public
- In this standard, “advertising” or an “advertisement” means any communication made orally, in print, through electronic media or via the internet by or on behalf of a registrant to the public where its substantial purpose is to promote the registrant, the registrant’s services, or the clinic or group where the registrant practises or with which the registrant is associated.
- “Communication with the public must be limited to factual and truthful information that assists the patient in making an informed decision.”
- Must “contain factual and relevant information that is accurate, clear and explicitly states all important details,”
- must “not be false, incomplete, misleading or deceptive, or reasonably capable of misleading or deceiving,
- b) Practice Standard: Disclosure of Adverse or Harmful Events
- In keeping with fundamental commitments of the medical profession outlined in the CMA Code of Ethics and Professionalism (Take all reasonable steps to prevent or minimize harm to the patient; disclose to the patient if there is a risk of harmor if harm has occurred), physicians have an ethical and professional obligation to disclose information about adverse or harmful events to their patients.
PARTICULARS
Specifically, Dr. Henry has consistently and repeatedly appeared before the population of British Columbia, for the purpose of advocating and promoting Covid-19 vaccinations. This activity is clearly “Communication with the Public”.
These appearances have been broadcast on Provincial network television, National Network television, in digital media communications such as cable TV, and the messages have been repeated widely in social media platforms.
The public relies on Dr. Henry to provide advice that is truthful, accurate, and in compliance with the Practice Standards of the BCCPS, and the related guidance such as the CMA Code of Ethics and Professionalism, which provide the professional and regulatory guidance for the creation of the BCCPS Practice Standards.
Regarding the Covid-19 vaccines Dr. Henry has repeatedly made the misleading statement “the vaccines are safe”.
The word safe means risk free, harmless, without danger. out of harm’s way, secure, and protected.
Health Canada’s “Reported side-effects following Covid-19 Vaccination in Canada” takes the position that the vaccine’s benefits outweigh the risks. However they do not claim that the vaccines are harmless and without significant risks.
To the contrary Health Canada mentions a long list of adverse reactions including:
– thrombosis
– thrombocytopenia syndrome
– blood clots
– myocarditis
– pericarditis
– capillary leak syndrome
– Guillain-Barré Syndrome
– Anaphylaxis
– seizures
– encephalitis
– vaccination site abscess/cellulitis
– aseptic meningitis
– loss of consciousness
– loss of sensation in the face, hands or feet
– chest pain or pressure
– shortness of breath
– Bell’s palsy
– drooling
Other adverse event databases in other NATO countries have compiled much longer lists of vaccine reactions causing death and disabilities, and miscarriages in vaccinated pregnant women.
British Columbians, and other Canadians have come forward to receive the Covid-19 vaccine injections because they incorrectly believed the injections were safe.
People have died, or been seriously harmed, from adverse events after receiving the Covid-19 vaccines which they believed were safe. Other Canadians have become disabled after receiving the injections they believed were safe.
People trusted in high level experts such as Dr. Henry and now they are dead or disabled because they believed the very specific words “the vaccines are safe”.
The trend of adverse reactions and deaths is tabulated globally in databases such as the Canada Vigilance Adverse Reaction Online Database, the American VAERS database, and the European Union’s Database of Adverse Drug Reactions (EudraVigilance).
Summary of Current Reports
EU/EEA/Switzerland (to 28 August 2021): 23,252 Covid-19 injection related deaths and 2,166,285 injuries, per EudraVigilance Database.
UK (to 18 August 2021): 1,609 Covid-19 injection related deaths and 1,165,636 injuries, per MHRA Yellow Card Scheme.
USA (to 20 August 2021) 13,627 Covid-19 injection related deaths and 2,932,001 injuries, per VAERS database.
TOTAL for EU/UK/USA: 38,488 Covid-19 injection related deaths, and 6,263,922 injuries (reported as of 30 August 2021)
Note: It is important to be aware that these official figures above (reported to the health authorities) are a small percentage of the actual figures.
……………
Additionally and significantly, the World Health Organization (WHO) maintains a database of Adverse Events related to “Covid-19 Vaccine”
From Addendum (attached) World Health Organization (WHO) Database for “Covid-19 Vaccine” (http://vigiaccess.org/)
See Attached Extract
Total Adverse Events Recorded (Sept 16, 2021): 2,009,195
The ever increasing list of post vaccination deaths and injuries must no longer be concealed behind the words “the vaccines are safe”.
Dr. Henry appears to be noncompliant with the Practice Standards related to Informed Consent, which are underlined in the above Complaint Summary. These Practice Standards are disrespected every time Dr. Henry says “the vaccines are safe” and stops right there.
Wherefore I call upon the BCCPS to investigate if the statement “the vaccines are safe”, without any disclosure of potential risks, can be allowed to continue.
On a Prima Facie basis the relevant practice standards are clearly being ignored and disrespected. Appropriate action must be taken, and Dr. Henry must be ordered to cease and desist from repeating her claim that “the vaccines are safe”, unless this statement is amended to include the Informed Consent requirements in the Practice Standards listed above.
Remedial actions must be taken as deemed appropriate by the BCCPS, and an impartial determination made as to whether malpractice has or has not occurred.
Dr. Henry’s messaging must be balanced to comply with the Practice Standards relevant to Informed Consent, the voluntary nature of consent, and that consent under duress is not valid consent.
Dr. Henry’s messaging must respect proactive disclosure of the ongoing adverse reactions and deaths associated with the Covid-19 vaccines, in a manner consistent with the BCCPS Practice Standards.
The Practice Standard regarding ‘ethical and professional obligation to disclose information about adverse or harmful events” can no longer be ignored or marginalized.
“Communication with the public must be limited to factual and truthful information that assists the patient in making an informed decision.”
Thank You.
Sincerely,
Norman Grant Smith
Complainant
778-202-0298
Legal Disclaimer: The opinions expressed are my own opinions, based on my own observations, and my interpretation of those observations, as stated, and expressed in accordance with Canadian “Fundamental Freedoms” Legislation.
Addendum # 1: Extract from World Health Organization VigiAccess Database
VigiAccess.org
Extract from World Health Organization VigiAccess Database
VigiAccess.org
Adverse drug reactions (ADRs)
- Blood and lymphatic system disorders (79548)
- Cardiac disorders (93927)
- Congenital, familial and genetic disorders (1035)
- Ear and labyrinth disorders (65691)
- Endocrine disorders (2513)
- Eye disorders (73594)
- Gastrointestinal disorders (420914)
- General disorders and administration site conditions (1231142)
- Hepatobiliary disorders (3812)
- Immune system disorders (27698)
- Infections and infestations (126524)
- Injury, poisoning and procedural complications (94160)
- Investigations (264142)
- Metabolism and nutrition disorders (45810)
- Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders (596754)
- Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) (2782)
- Nervous system disorders (876095)
- Pregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditions (4074)
- Product issues (3498)
- Psychiatric disorders (94453)
- Renal and urinary disorders (15801)
- Reproductive system and breast disorders (65428)
- Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders (210581)
- Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders (280103)
- Social circumstances (13763)
- Surgical and medical procedures (16811)
- Vascular disorders (108551)
Big thanks to Norman for standing up!
Thank-you, Norman.
We The People, Those of us that are awake to the facts, stand 1000% behind you.
Should the BCCPS not take steps to charge her, then they too should be charged with Crimes against Humanity.
I so agree, the harm she & Dr.Tam/Tan have caused needs Justice & accountability.
Norman: Thank You oh so much for collecting and sharing this information xoxo
Just heard this morning, Oct. 13, 2021 from Bonnie Henry, A statement:
They have the Go Ahead to Vaccinate Children 5 yrs – 12 – years old!
350,000 Children. You can start booking your appointments now.
It seems no matter what we say or do we cannot stop this run away train.
The majority of People believe the: “The Vaccines are Safe”
Oh My God, I’m at a loss as to what to do? ))):
She needs alot of people out side her house being LOUD!! I’m willing. She needs to know we are not going to stand for her murdering our children any longer!
Agreed!
They must all be tried!
Thankyou Norman for speaking up.
You totally have my respect and support ..
Excellent excellent! You are a Canadian hero. Too many people are doing nothing. Not even trying to share information or speak out. I commend you for such truth and bravery. Thank you on behalf of many Canadians I personally know.
Great ¿
Way to go Norman you are so correct, Dr. Bonnie Henry is the be kind be calm face of evil. Dr Jekly and Mrs Hyde. Where is the preventative measures, take Vitamin D, C and zinc. This women should be charged with murder along with the Premier. All Premiers of provinces and their Medical Health doctors who promoted this bio weapon.
YES! YES! YES! you have my full support I would be honored to put my name on this document that tells
the truth, THANK YOU! THANK YOU! for speaking it.
Numbers are even higher today! 2,183,912. I am sharing on my page. Do these numbers include deaths?
Deaths are exhorbitantly higher !!
The databases see less than 1% of deaths reported !
SO, this is one person. What else can WE do to step in the same direction. We are facing the lockdowns, the vaccine passport, health care people losing their livelihood. Finally facing marshal law like Australia. We ALL need to do more.
excellent letter. I presume he got the standard reply letter we all got when addressing Dr. Henry.. his is more factual and I applaud the communication failures of her rhetoric I support you 2000%
Thank you for pointing out the obvious. It’s very sad that many people choose not to see it. Hopefully that will begin to change as more people speak out and take action.
Thank You Sir! May this be the wake up call to ALL CANADIANS!
Great idea. We should all do the same from our own jurisdictions across Canada. Enough of these tyrants that are jeopardizing our health, safety, and economies. They don’t deserve the ‘doctor’ title when they have so badly breached their medical oath, and caused so much misery.
Thank you sir, you are a brave man and you know the truth and such will lead us to victory.
Norman should set up a Go Fund Me to help with any of the court costs.
Good for you Norman . We’ll researched and written. Any response yet?
You are a truth seeker and I applaud you for standing up for what is ethically and morally correct!
From Norman Grant Smith,
Thank you everybody. I appreciate the support.
My complaint is in the public domain. Anyone can reprint it anywhere.
Also, here is a complete list of Physicians Colleges (regulatory organizations) in Canada. Feel free to use my complaint as a template to create your own complaint in your province. I recommend you copy my Legal Disclaimer as well.
College of Physicians and Surgeons of British Columbia
400 – 858 Beatty Street
Vancouver, B.C., V6B 1C1
Phone: (604) 733-7758
Fax: (604) 733-3503
http://www.cpsbc.ca
College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario
80 College Street
Toronto, ON M5G 2E2
Phone: (416) 967-2600
Fax: (416) 961-3330
http://www.cpso.on.ca
College of Physicians & Surgeons of Alberta
2700 Telus Plaza South
10020-100 St NW
Edmonton, AB T5J 0N3
Phone: (780) 423-4764
Fax: (780) 420-0651
http://www.cpsa.ab.ca
College of Physicians and Surgeons of Prince Edward Island
401-199 Grafton St., Charlottetown
Prince Edward Island, C1A 1L2
Phone (902) 566-3861
Fax (902) 566-3986
E-mail:
mm********@co*****************.ca
College of Physicians & Surgeons
of Manitoba
1000 – 1661 Portage Ave.
Winnipeg, Manitoba R3J 3T7
Phone: (204) 774-4344
Fax: (204)774-0750
http://www.cpsm.mb.ca
Collège des médecins du Québec
2170 Rene Levesque Blvd. West
Montreal, PQ H3H 2T8
Phone: (514) 933-4441
Fax: (514) 933-3112
E-mail:
in**@cm*.org
http://www.cmq.org
College of Physicians and Surgeons of New Brunswick
1 Hampton Road, Suite 300
Rothesay, New Brunswick, E2E 5K8
Phone: (506) 849-5050
Fax: (506) 849-5069
E-mail:
in**@cp***.org
http://www.cpsnb.org
College of Physicians and Surgeons of Saskatchewan
500 – 321A – 21st Street East
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7K 0C1
Phone: (306) 244-7355
Fax: (306) 244-0090
Email
cp**@qu******.net
College of Physicians and Surgeons of
Newfoundland and Labrador
139 Water St., Suite 603
St. John’s Newfoundland A1C 1B2
Phone (709) 726-8546
Fax (709) 726-4725
E-mail:
cp***@cp***.ca
http://www.cpsnl.ca
Northwest Territories Professional licensing Health and Social Services
P.O. Box 1320 CST-8
Yellowknife, N.W.T., X1A 2L9
Phone (867) 920-8058
Fax: (867) 873-0484
No e-mail contact or website
Yukon Medical Council
P.O. Box 2703
Whitehorse, Yukon, Y1A 2C6
Phone: (867) 667-3774
Fax: (867) 393-6483
http://www.yukonmedicalcouncil.ca
E-mail:
ym*@go*.ca
Nunavut Professional Licensing Dept. of Health and Social Services Government of Nunavut
PO Box 390
Kugluktuk, Nunavut X0R 0E0
Phone: (867) 982-7668
Fax: (867) 982-3256
I recommend reading Canada’s “Fundamental Freedoms” and standing on them. Fundamental Freedoms are the law in Canada. Fundamental Freedoms is what makes Canada better than Communist China and North Korea.
God bless you all.
Norman
Very interesting and I thank you for the research and informing the public that these laws and rules for professional doctors and medical boards are there . This is information that the public would not know other wise . I believe this can not be ignored now that these laws and rules have been brought into the light .
Unbelievable. Your name will be etched in history as nonslavelike, nonconformist and nonobedient to tyranny. I am restoring my faith in some of humanity due to a person like yourself
Bonnie Henry is an advisor to Horgan. He and Dix hide behind her.
I am sponsoring the letter in our local paper to have the whole thing printed.
I will be drafting my own copy and sending it out asap. I would also like to pay for a spot in my local paper. Can you share the details how to go about doing that with me?
i’ll be making copies to pin on every community board i can find
Let your voice be heard and let it make an impact!
If I may add a point of interest. Its a very interesting piece of information that has come out of a laboratory in Vancouver BC. A lab that is performing covid antibody testing. I will attempt to copy/paste the information. So several weeks ago, friends of mine, made an appointment to go for antibody testing. The wife, tested positive for covid antibodies. Im not sure if her husband did or not. According to this laboratory, they’ve been inundated with people getting tested, and they’ve recorded about 95% positive antibody presence. This lab is confirming that based on their testing results we have reached hurd immunity.
Hello could the lady who wrote let me know which lab tested for the antibodies.I heard you have to get a doctor’s note to get tested.Thank you .
I’m not the lady in the comment but in BC and Ontario Lifelabs do the test. Go on their website and they tell you how to go about it. If I understand it correctly you have to pay them and they send you a requisition for your Dr to sign, then you take that with you. You may need to make an appointment as my local lab won’t take walk-ins.
Thank you for this information. I will follow up on this and get tested.
Please post or send me the link to this report
Do you need a doctor referal for antibody test?Can you please tell me where is in Vancouver because i want to do mine.I know bc labs doing it but you need doctor referal.
Thank you!
Ask your Dr for a lab req.
Take the req to LifeLabs
Also, with all the adverse reactions being reported EVERYWHERE, why isn’t someone, filing a “cease and desist ” order on all covid vaccinations? Effective immediately!! And an order to perform post-mortems on people that have allegedly died of covid, and also on people that have died AFTER receiving the covid vaccine. Like stop playing around already, and let’s get to the bottom of things before we’re passed the point of no return
Hear ye hear ye …bravo.
Bravo someone capable of calling out this abuse of office. It could also be pointed out that there are much safer drugs as documented by India’s success in Uttar Pradesh province for one. This is not about public health it’s about control.
Bonnie Henry the LIAR
the ‘vacine’ is fast, it’s easy, it’s free, and its SAFE. A murderous lie even if all one looks at is the 1% Vaers to date. Or the UK card ect. Murderer!!
I swear that I do believe that many of our higher ups in gov and media are all on the take. Big Phama has always relied heavily on their lobbiests to get the job done. This time much much more is at stake. Money makes people do crazy things. 🤪
I do not know how Bonnie can sleep at night. Knowing what she knows and continuing this farce is so sick. The problem is alot of people can be bought easily. They will sell out their own family.
THANK YOU NORMAN. You are a hero warrior.
The powers that aught not to be are playing unethical hardball. It’s time for all of us to get out of the bleachers and GET IN THE GAME!
We can NO LONGER BE SPECTATORS!
Hi Norman.
Thanks for standing up for the people of your Province, Canada, and the world.
I have been looking for your submission under the public domain and cannot find it.
Really, no surprise. Many other Canadians in their jurisdiction would like to join in the fight.
Please provide us with a link(s) that pertain to the formal filing.
We must all be informed on how we can stand togheter.
You won’t find these type of complaints or proceedings in the public domain as they are medically related and are considered very private. The ONLY way we know of Normans complaint is because he is openly sharing this with the public as with my post below.
cheers, S…..
IF ONLY THIS INFORMATION WAS MAINSTREAM NEWS
There is NO SUCH THING AS #COVID19
The flu got re-branded
113 health/science institutions globally have all failed to provide or cite even 1 record of “SARS-COV-2” isolation/purification, by anyone, anywhere, ever, so how can they identify a “variant” strain?
ALL FOI’s HERE: 👇
https://www.fluoridefreepeel.ca/fois-reveal-that-health-science-institutions-around-the-world-have-no-record-of-sars-cov-2-isolation-purification/
Agree
The non-existent virus; an explosive interview with Christine Massey
https://blog.nomorefakenews.com/2021/10/07/the-non-existent-virus-explosive-interview-with-christine-massey/
#ChristineMassey #JonRappoport #Covid19 #FOIA
Why are people still under the belief, the system will do anything at all to help us?
We are on our own the system is broken! They rule with fear, and fear is the only way to stop this. We are doing everything they expect us to do. The only way to beat them is to do something they don’t expect from us!
Thank you!
Wow that is fabulous and interesting. I asked for antibody testing and am willing to pay for it. Dr would not req the test. When asked why, Dr stated not allowed to. I ask again, who does not allow a Dr to req a test for a patient. Dr replied the BC CDC. Sure enough I check the CDC website to find Physicians not to order antibody status tests in asymptomatic patients.
Nice job! When can we begin the Nuremberg Trials against these criminals?
Thank you for standing up, Norman!
https://action4canada.com/
Thanks for the opportunity but Dr. BONNY HENRY SHOULD LEAVE THE OFFICE SHE HAS NOT BEING TRUTHFUL SINCE THE BEGINNING. SHE HAS NOT BEING TRULY DEFENDING THE RIGHT TO HEALTH AND PROPER CARE OF ALL CITIZENS THE ONLY ONES WHOM THEIR RIGHTS ARE RESPECTED ARE THE ONES FROM THOSE THAT IN FEAR HAS COMPLY TO THE THREATS OF THE GOVERNMENT IS SO SAD WHAT CANADA HAS BECOME OVER THE PAST 16 YEARS THIS WEEK BEFORE HEALTH AUTHORITY AND JT ANNOUNCE MORE RESTRICTIONS TO UNVACC THE HUMAN RIGHTS WERE RULING A COMPENSATION.OF CAD$30.000 TO A TRANSGENDER MALE THWT FELT SO HUMILIATED BECAUSE HE WAS NOT CALLED OR IDENTIFIED BY HIS EMPLOYER AS SHE…WOW WHAT A TRAUMA….IMAGINE I AM WAITING FOR MINE AND THE RULE WHERE HUMANS RIGHTS APPLY THEBSAME CONCEPT TO ALL THOSE CITIZENS THWT TRUST NOT GOVERNMENT NOT THE VACCINES…CAD$ 30.000
I agree
Hope this does the job if not you may have to call on some old ranchers who remember how to deal with mad cow syndrome
For those looking to get an antibody test please know that antibodies don’t stay in your system for long – however T and B cells do and can fire up protection when needed. The challenge in Canada is there doesn’t seem to be any testing for T or B cells available, unlike in the US where they have T-Detect although their website does say info for outside the US coming soon. There are also some studies suggesting if you have had any type of SARS virus that you may already have the T and B cells needed to fight off Covid… but they wouldn’t want you to know that now would they…
Let’s see if this makes it to Bonnie Henry and the news. Transparency is all we ask!!!
…and verywell done! Thank you for your effort…we all need to stick together!!
Ask them to show evidence of the so called virus . They won’t be able to because there is no evidence as it has never been isolated in a laboratory . You got this . Thank you
Thank you Norman,
I have also filed a complaint against my Dr in BC for refusing to treat me as I will not get this poison, I recorded the last conversation we had in a meeting and he openly states “the vax” won’t do much and laughs about it but refuses to treat anyone who will not vax.
Horgan, Dix and Henry are medical and human rights criminals in my view not to mention The Nuremberg Code. I would also say all these government agencies especially the BC Teachers Federation and the Education Minister have and continue to proliferate these crimes against humanity on our youth and teachers in British Columbia.
All these agencies need to be held accountable for all the physical and mental harm that has been caused and continues to cause.
Excellent Idea! I WOULD SUPPORT!
Thank you, finally someone calls it out! Her and dix aren’t telling the whole truth and there only option is the vax. Any good doctor would know that there isn’t data yet to say it’s safe and also there’s other treatments that are very effective. So why push the vax so hard? Baught by big pharma for sure.
Sweden paused the vaccines, i stand behind Norman to pause these drug effects that cause worse issues than better!
I have always thought and stated openly that I felt Henry is not altogether , or rather, she may very well be, but in a sick sort of way. I believe she is high on her power, ruthless underneath the be kind and calm demeanor, and has zero feeling about lying no matter what effects if has and she thinks everyone else is wrong but herself. What is that personality trait ???
The other bad part is watching and listening to so many worshipping and spineless media figures gobble up her crap and follow her red shoes like lost little puppies. Some constantly use words like, the situation is always evolving. The vaccines are perfectly safe.
Our seniors have sure paid a high price because of the reckless behavior and leadership by the Horgan government. I wonder how this vaccine scene is going too turn out regarding them. Their still dying. I did take the vaccine months ago on the premise of I don’t know and oh well and fear of the unknown too not take it and just not educated in it all and caught up in the wave of anxiety and the speed in which the situation was happening. But now I wonder. I don’t feel the same. More tired, and get exhausted easier. Just different. But I do know one thing the F…..s in charge are bad actors.
And here I am about to lose my job as a federal employee because I will not get the vaccine. Sick! Well done Norman. Truly a ‘voice in the wilderness.’ What has been singularly lacking all this time is a collective voice with a central mantra. The mainstream media has seen to that, as well as social media censorship. I am delighted not only to see such a powerful instrument so boldly presented against this madness, but also very encouraged by the comments of the people in support of it. We need a collective voice and we need to be able to rally together on these vital societal issues. How do we collaborate and forge a united front when the media and social media are against us? Any ideas? God bless you all and God bless Canada!
Hi Albert,
Vaccine Choice Canada is already up and running. I am a member, and I have learned a lot from their links and affiliates.
At the same time I don’t collaborate with them in any direct way. I guess you could say I’m just a free agent… …just another Canadian exercising their “Fundamental Freedoms”.
The rapid takedown of our Canadian Fundamental Freedoms, and Mobility Rights, and Bodily Autonomy in 2020 was my big motivator. I won’t act like everything is okay until all of that has been restored 100%. I am 100% in on nonviolent resistance and non-compliance.
But I I’m not on board with people screaming about hasty tribunals and executions. I’m not part of that team. I never have supported capital punishment. Threatening Violence and inciting fear is the game of Big Govt and Big Pharma.
Peace
Norman
Dr. Commie Henry needs to be taken down, along with all other levels of our corrupt governments! 🤬🤬🤬